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Salivary Function and Dental Changes During GLP-1 Therapy

NCT07720466

Not Yet RecruitingN/A

Sponsor: Bilecik Seyh Edebali Universitesi

Conditions: Obesity, Dental Erosion, Saliva Collection, Saliva Altered

Interventions: Unstimulated Whole Saliva Collection, Salivary Analysis, Oral Examination and BEWE Assessment, Standardized Intraoral Photography

Countries: Turkey (Türkiye)

People who use glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, may experience changes in their oral health. Some people report dry mouth, changes in saliva, and increased wear of their teeth after starting these medicines. However, little is known about whether these medicines affect saliva and dental hard tissues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in salivary calcium levels, salivary function, and dental hard tissues in adults who begin treatment with semaglutide or tirzepatide for obesity. Approximately 40 participants will be enrolled before starting GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Oral examinations, standardized intraoral photographs, saliva samples, and body weight measurements will be obtained before treatment and again after three months. Saliva samples will be analyzed for calcium concentration, pH, and salivary flow rate. Dental hard tissue changes will be assessed using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. The findings from this study may improve understanding of the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on oral health and help healthcare professionals identify and prevent possible dental complications during treatment.

Eligibility overview

Sex: ALL

Age: 18 Years to —

Healthy volunteers: No

Study type: OBSERVATIONAL

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults aged 18 years or older.
* Body mass index (BMI) ≥27 kg/m².
* Clinical decision by an endocrinologist to initiate semaglutide or tirzepatide therapy for obesity management.
* No previous treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
* Willingness to participate and ability to provide written informed consent.
* Willingness to attend both the baseline and 3-month follow-up visits.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous use of any GLP-1 receptor agonist.
* History of head and neck radiotherapy.
* Sjögren syndrome or other systemic diseases affecting salivary gland function.
* Chronic kidney disease.
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
* Use of medications known to markedly affect salivary secretion.
* Active orthodontic treatment.
* Severe dental erosion requiring restorative treatment at baseline.
* Edentulism or the absence of anterior teeth required for dental hard tissue assessment.
* Inability or unwillingness to comply with the study protocol or attend the 3-month follow-up visit.
* History of eating disorders associated with recurrent self-induced vomiting (e.g., bulimia nervosa).
* Medical conditions causing persistent vomiting or severe gastroesophageal disease unrelated to GLP-1 therapy.

Locations (1)

Bilecik, Merkez, Turkey (Türkiye)