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Investigating Functional Changes in the Frontotemporal Cortex of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Following Electroconvulsive Therapy or Magnetic Seizure Therapy Using Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

NCT07533773

RecruitingNA

Sponsor: The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Interventions: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Magnetic Seizure Therapy

Countries: China

Against the clinical backdrop of the growing global burden of neuropsychiatric disorders, the rapid rise in depression prevalence, and the frequent association of these conditions with cognitive impairment, this study highlights the limitations of current cognitive assessment tools-such as their time-consuming nature and lack of specificity-and underscores the urgent need to develop simple and efficient assessment methods. In terms of treatment, modified electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and magnetic seizure therapy (MST) are rapidly acting neuromodulation therapies; however, their effects on cognitive function and underlying brain mechanisms remain controversial, and there is a lack of direct comparative studies. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology can non-invasively monitor changes in cerebral hemodynamics, providing a powerful tool for assessing brain function before and after treatment. Therefore, this study aims to combine resting-state and task-based fNIRS with multidimensional cognitive and emotional assessments to systematically compare the effects of ECT and MST on frontal-temporal cerebral hemodynamics. We seek to clarify the differences in brain function regulation between the two treatment modalities and their association with improvements in cognition and mood, with the goal of providing scientific evidence to elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying neurostimulation therapies and optimize individualized treatment plans.

Eligibility overview

Sex: ALL

Age: 12 Years to 65 Years

Healthy volunteers: Yes

Study type: INTERVENTIONAL

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* A depressive episode diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), confirmed by two psychiatrists;
* Meets the treatment criteria for ECT or MST;
* At least 5 years of education, with no significant hearing or visual impairments;
* Voluntary participation in this study, with a signed written informed consent form, and willingness to cooperate with the collection of general demographic information, neuropsychological testing, and fNIRS resting-state and task-based data acquisition.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Co-occurring mental disorders (such as substance use disorders or schizoaffective disorder);
* Severe physical illness;
* History of neurological disorders (such as traumatic brain injury or dementia);
* Low educational attainment;
* Receipt of ECT or MST treatment within the past six months.

Locations (1)

Hefei, Anhui, China